Gesellschaft für Orthopädisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin

GOTS fordert Schulfach „Gesundheit“ mit besonderem Augenmerk auf Sport und Bewegung

Sportmedizin / GOTS

GOTS fordert Schulfach „Gesundheit“ mit besonderem Augenmerk auf Sport und Bewegun

Zu Beginn des neuen Schuljahres unterstützt die Gesellschaft für orthopädisch-traumatologische Sportmedizin (GOTS) die Forderung der Bundesärztekammer nach einem neuen Schulfach „Gesundheit“. Der Grund: Viele Kinder in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz leiden unter Bewegungsmangel, Übergewicht und eingeschränkter Motorik. Die Gesellschaft wird immer kränker, warnen die Ärzte.

Allein in Deutschland leidet fast jedes siebte Kind zwischen drei und siebzehn Jahren unter Übergewicht. Knapp sechs Prozent davon sind sogar fettleibig. Doch damit nicht genug. In den orthopädischen Praxen werden immer häufiger Kinder vorstellig, die durch sitzende Lebensweise und körperliche Inaktivität Fehlstellungen, Dysbalancen oder eine völlig eingeschränkte Motorik zeigen. Hier gilt es nicht nur, das Essen in Schulen zu verbessern, sondern intensiv auf Sport und Bewegung Einfluss zu nehmen und richtige Ansätze zu vermitteln.

Zum Vergleich nennt die GOTS einige Zahlen: Während ein Mensch in Deutschland 1910 noch im Schnitt 20 Kilometer am Tag gelaufen ist, waren es 2005 nur noch 800 Meter. Viele kommen heute nicht einmal mehr auf 500 Meter Gehstrecke täglich. Es ist bereits schwierig, Kinder und Enkel zum Teil überhaupt noch nach draußen zu bekommen. Rund die Hälfte der Erwachsenen Deutschen ist übergewichtig. Es gibt rund 8 Mio. Diabetiker, 25 Mio. Hypertoniker und 20 Mio. Menschen mit Fettstoffwechselstörungen. 80 Prozent aller Erkrankungen in Deutschland entstehen derzeit durch Fehlernährung und Bewegungsmangel.

Kaum jemand kennt das empfohlene Maß der WHO an körperlicher Aktivität. Bei den 5 bis 17 Jährigen sollten es 60 min Bewegung mit moderater bis hoher Intensität pro Tag, überwiegend im aeroben Bereich, dazu drei Mal pro Woche kräftigende Aktivitäten (spielerischer Natur) sein. Zwischen 18 und 64 Jahren liegt das Maß bei 150 min mit moderater oder 75 min mit hoher Intensität pro Woche, überwiegend aerob, dazu mindestens zwei Mal pro Woche kräftigende Übungen. Über 65 bleibt es dabei, allerdings kommen mindestens drei Mal pro Woche Übungen zur Sturzprävention hinzu.

Rund 31 Prozent der über 15Jährigen sind jedoch körperlich inaktiv – Frauen (34%) mehr als Männer (28%). Gründe sind laut Umfragen Mangel an Motivation und Zeit, anderweitige Freizeitgestaltung, Zunahme passiver Verkehrsmittel, Urbanisierung mit Zunahme an Verkehr und Luftverschmutzung, Abnahme von Grünflachen und Sporteinrichtungen.

Das Resultat der körperlichen Inaktivität sind koronare Herzerkrankungen, Diabetes und Krebs.

Prof. Martin Engelhardt, Chefarzt der Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie und Ärztlicher Direktor des Klinikums Osnabrück ist einer der Vorstände in der GOTS. Er mahnt: „Wir müssen sofort anfangen, etwas zu tun und in unserer Gesellschaft umsteuern. Ursachen und Folgen der körperlichen Inaktivität und sitzenden Lebensweise für die Gesundheit zeigen, dass politische bevölkerungsbezogene, multisektorale und multidisziplinäre Instrumente zur Steigerung des körperlichen Aktivitätsniveaus notwendig sind! Struktur und Erziehung sind wichtig. Vereine müssen mit Kitas und Schulen zusammen arbeiten. Kinder lernen in Deutschland zum Teil nicht einmal mehr schwimmen! Es muss Schulpläne für Schwimmen, Radfahren und Laufen geben. Eine qualitätsvolle Sportlehrerausbildung muss auf den Weg gebracht werden.“

Mit ihrem Global Action Plan will die WHO die Quote der Inaktivität bis 2030 rapide senken. Um die Voraussetzungen dafür zu schaffen, ist die Politik gefragt. Damit die Jüngsten schon für Bewegung und Sport (z.B. auch in Vereinen) begeistert und sie zu den Risiken des „No-Sports“ aufgeklärt werden, ist ein Unterrichtsfach „Gesundheit“ unabdingbar. Weder der Biologie- noch der begrenzte Sportunterricht können das leisten.

Um selbst anzufangen, haben viele Ärzte, Trainer und Pädagogen bereits in Einzelprojekten begonnen. So gibt es in Osnabrück die Kinder-Bewegungsstadt (KIBS) mit vielen Elementen, an die richtige Bewegung heran geführt zu werden. In Fulda nehmen Grundschüler regelmäßig an Motoriktests teil.

„Unser Ziel ist es, solche Projekte für den gesamten deutschsprachigen Raum zu erreichen. Als trinationale Gesellschaft für orthopädisch-traumatologische Sportmedizin sehen wir uns in der Pflicht die Politik auf die Gefahren des Nichtstuns hinzuweisen“, so Prof. Engelhardt

¡ Die trinationale (Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz) Gesellschaft für Orthopädisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin (GOTS) ist Europas größter Zusammenschluss von Sportorthopäden und Sporttraumatologen.

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